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4 - Add accounts: light sync

4 - Add accounts: light sync

Types

Generic types can be found in ledgerjs/packages/types-live (opens in a new tab), with some documentation.

Account

An account represents a wallet where a user detains crypto assets for a given crypto currency.

Ledger Live model is essentially an array of Account because many accounts can be created, even within a same crypto currency.

More technically, an account is a view of the blockchain in the context of a specific user. While blockchain tracks the series of transactions, assets motions that happen between addresses, an account essentializes that from the point of view of a user that owns a set of addresses and wants to view the associated funds they detain and be able to perform transactions with it.

Essentially what the user wants to see at the end is his balance, a historic graph, and a series of past operations that were performed. Moving from the blockchain to the concept of account is not necessarily trivial (in blockchains like Bitcoin, the concept of account does not exist – you don't create or destroy, this concept is a view, a lense, that we abstract for the user).

In Live Common, there are currently 3 types of accounts:

  • Account which is a top level account associated to a CryptoCurrency - the "main" account.
  • TokenAccount which is a nested level account, inside an Account and that is associated to a TokenCurrency.
  • ChildAccount which is a variant of TokenAccount but more in context of a CryptoCurrency (typically used for Tezos)

They are aggregated as a single AccountLike type, used across Ledger Live implementations.

We will focus only on the Account type as we won't cover the Token integration in this document.

All main accounts share a common ground, that you will find defined and commented here (opens in a new tab).

If needed by the blockchain, an account can also contain coin-specific resources related to a single account, like its "nonce" or additional balances (e.g. for staking), or anything that may be displayed or used in your implementation. It's generally an additional field like myCoinResources. See Family-specific types below.

Operation

ℹ️

This type is not required at light sync step and will soon be removed from this section

Note the wording "Operation" is used instead of "Transaction". An account does not have transactions, it has operations.

The same abstraction applies as for Account on top of blockchain: an Operation is a view of a transaction that happened in the blockchain that concerns the contextual account. It's always in the context of an account, in other words, an operation does not exist on its own.

Most of the time, a transaction yield of one operation. But in some blockchains (like Ethereum) one transaction that concerns the account associated addresses can result in 0 to N operations. A typical example is contract or token transfers (one transaction to move a token generate a token operation and a fee operation in the ethereum account). Another example that is possible in most blockchains is a "self" transaction yields two operations (sending out, sending in). But in fact, that's semantic, we, Ledger, have put. We could also have allowed the concept of "SELF" operation.

In short, transactions history in Ledger Live is a list of Operation, that are confirmed, unconfirmed or pending (not yet fetched from explorer).

They all share the same model, with an extra field that can store any additional data you may need to display. You will find the detailed and commented fields here (opens in a new tab).

If MyCoin has specific operation fields (like additionalField we added for example), you will be able to display them later. They are not meant to be useful in any flow, only for UI.

If MyCoin uses a "nonce", then transactionSequenceNumber must be filled correctly, as it will be necessary for signing new transactions (and will interpreted to clear pending operations). Only outgoing transaction must have this value though.

Operation Type

An Operation has a type which is generic string typed as OperationType, giving more or less the direction of the operation:

  • OUT: A send / transfer amount transaction
  • IN: A received / incoming amount transaction
  • FEES: A transaction that only charges fees
  • NONE: A transaction that does not affect balance
  • REWARD: A claimed reward (as an outgoing transaction with fees)
  • REWARD_PAYOUT: A received reward (as an incoming transaction)
  • SLASH: A staking slash (with slashed amount generally)

There are more types available, existing one will have predefined icons, translations and behaviours (i.e. getOperationAmountNumber() in src/operation.ts (opens in a new tab)).

MyCoin could have also specific operation types, if you need to add a type that is not yet implemented, add them in libs/ledgerjs/packages/types-live/src/operation.ts. You will later need to implement some specific code for the Ledger Live Desktop and Mobile to display them correctly.

You will be asked to add an svg for the icon of your type and a label to be translated, you can check for "OPT_IN" operation in Algorand.

In LLD :

src/renderer/components/OperationsList/ConfirmationCheck.js

In LLM : (You will need to check SVG is wrapped into our component)

src/icons/OperationStatusIcon/index.js

Transaction

ℹ️

This type may not be required at light sync step.

In Ledger Live, the "Transaction" is the data model that is created and updated in order to build the final blob to be signed by the device, and then broadcasted to the blockchain.

It is highly specific to the blockchain protocol, and contains any data that will need to be serialized into the transmission format of the blockchain. It only lives for a short period of time in the application - during which the user is choosing the parameters of its transaction before it is signed and sent to the blockchain, after which it will be transformed into an Operation.

Note that this Operation will be considered "pending", as it is an optimistic version of the real Operation that will appear in the account history, after being synchronized.

Transaction will contains any data needed to create a transaction on the blockchain. It is created as soon as the user initiates a transaction flow on Ledger Live, and will be updated according to its inputs, like the amount or choosing a recipient.

It shares a common shape between all coins, to which we will add specific-fields:

  • amount: BigNumber: amount parsed from user input - will be 0 if user use all amount
  • recipient: string: the recipient of this amount
  • useAllAmount?: boolean: indicated if user wants to transfer whole available balance
  • subAccountId?: ?string: the child/token account id if relevant
  • family: string: the coin-family of the transaction (as a coin discriminator)

Some coins also have some fields generally respecting the same semantics, here are some provided as example:

  • mode: string: type of transaction to be broadcasted ("send", "freeze", "delegate", "claimReward"...)
  • fees: BigNumber: fees (provided by blockchain, or filled by user)
  • memo: ?string: memo if required by exchange

Although some fields are required, they can be emptied (recipent = "" and amount = 0) and ignored for transactions not using them.

You should add any fields that would be required by MyCoin to be correctly broadcasted - respecting as much as possible its protocol's lexicon.

See existing implementations for inspiration: Polkadot types (opens in a new tab), Cosmos types (opens in a new tab)

Family-specific types

You will be implementing typescript types that will be used in your integration, like the Transaction type or the additional data needed to be added to the Account shared type, but also any other types that you will need (remember to always type your functions with typescript).

libs/coin-modules/coin-mycoin/src/types.ts:

import type { BigNumber } from "bignumber.js";
import type {
  TransactionCommon,
  TransactionCommonRaw,
} from "@ledgerhq/types-live";
 
/**
 * MyCoin account resources
 */
export type MyCoinResources = {
  nonce: number;
  additionalBalance: BigNumber;
};
 
/**
 * MyCoin account resources from raw JSON
 */
export type MyCoinResourcesRaw = {
  nonce: number;
  additionalBalance: string;
};
 
/**
 * MyCoin transaction
 */
export type Transaction = TransactionCommon & {
  mode: string;
  family: "mycoin";
  fees?: BigNumber;
  // add here all transaction-specific fields if you implement other modes than "send"
};
 
/**
 * MyCoin transaction from a raw JSON
 */
export type TransactionRaw = TransactionCommonRaw & {
  family: "mycoin";
  mode: string;
  fees?: string;
  // also the transaction fields as raw JSON data
};
 
/**
 * MyCoin currency data that will be preloaded.
 * You can for instance add a list of validators for Proof-of-Stake blockchains,
 * or any volatile data that could not be set as constants in the code (staking progress, fee estimation variables, etc.)
 */
export type MyCoinPreloadData = {
  somePreloadedData: Record<any, any>;
};

Since some of thoses types will be serialized when stored or cached, you may need to define serialize/deserialize functions for those:

libs/coin-modules/coin-mycoin/src/serialization.ts:

import { BigNumber } from "bignumber.js";
import type { MyCoinResourcesRaw, MyCoinResources } from "./types";
 
export function toMyCoinResourcesRaw(r: MyCoinResources): MyCoinResourcesRaw {
  const { nonce, additionalBalance } = r;
  return {
    nonce,
    additionalBalance: additionalBalance.toString(),
  };
}
 
export function fromMyCoinResourcesRaw(r: MyCoinResourcesRaw): MyCoinResources {
  const { nonce, additionalBalance } = r;
  return {
    nonce,
    additionalBalance: BigNumber(additionalBalance),
  };
}

Because of Account being generic, you may need to add your specific resources to your libs/coin-modules/coin-mycoin/src/types.ts file, if you need to store specific information related to the blockchain (like staking, validators, or frozen balance, etc) that are not handle in Account.

// ...
 
export type MyCoinResources = {}
export type MyCoinResourcesRaw = {}
 
export type Account = {
// ...
// // On some blockchain, an account can have resources (gained, delegated, ...)
  myCoinResources?: MyCoinResources;
};
 
export type AccountRaw = {
  myCoinResources?: MyCoinResourcesRaw;
};

...and handle the associated serialization in libs/coin-modules/coin-mycoin/src/serialization.ts (if you use BigInt you will need to make it raw by changing it to string for example):

import { Account, AccountRaw } from "@ledgerhq/types-live";
import {
  toMyCoinResourcesRaw,
  fromMyCoinResourcesRaw,
} from "./types";
// ...
 
function toMyCoinResourcesRaw(r: MyCoinResources): MyCoinResourcesRaw {
//     ...
}
function fromMyCoinResourcesRaw(r: MyCoinResourcesRaw): MyCoinResources {
//     ...
}
 
export function assignToAccountRaw(account: Account, accountRaw: AccountRaw) {
  const myCoinAccount = account as MyCoinAccount;
  const myCoinAccountRaw = accountRaw as MyCoinAccountRaw;
  if (myCoinAccount.mycoinResources) {
    myCoinAccountRaw.mycoinResources = toMyCoinResourcesRaw(
      myCoinAccount.mycoinResources,
    );
  }
}
export function assignFromAccountRaw(accountRaw: AccountRaw, account: Account) {
  const myCoinResourcesRaw = (accountRaw as MyCoinAccountRaw).myCoinResources;
  if (myCoinResourcesRaw) {
    (account as MyCoinAccount).myCoinResources = fromMyCoinResourcesRaw(myCoinResourcesRaw);
  }
}
💡

If your integration of MyCoin does not require coin-specific data in an account, you will not need to define MyCoinResources.

Display Format

Since Operation will be stored as JSON, you will need to implement specific serializers for the extra field.

We also would like the Operation and Account to be displayed in CLI with their specifics, so you must provide formatters to display them.

ℹ️

In this code sample, all references to operations are not needed at light sync step. They are currently necessary but will soon be removed from this section.

libs/coin-modules/coin-mycoin/src/account.ts:

import type { Unit } from "@ledgerhq/types-cryptoassets";
import type { Account, Operation } from "@ledgerhq/types-live";
import { getAccountUnit } from "@ledgerhq/coin-framework/account/index";
import { formatCurrencyUnit } from "@ledgerhq/coin-framework/currencies/index";
import { BigNumber } from "bignumber.js";
 
function formatAccountSpecifics(account: Account): string {
  const { myCoinResources } = account;
  if (!myCoinResources) {
    throw new Error("mycoin account expected");
  }
 
  const unit = getAccountUnit(account);
  const formatConfig = {
    disableRounding: true,
    alwaysShowSign: false,
    showCode: true,
  };
 
  let str = " ";
 
  str +=
    formatCurrencyUnit(unit, account.spendableBalance, formatConfig) +
    " spendable. ";
 
  if (myCoinResources.additionalBalance.gt(0)) {
    str +=
      formatCurrencyUnit(
        unit,
        myCoinResources.additionalBalance,
        formatConfig
      ) + " additional. ";
  }
 
  if (myCoinResources.nonce) {
    str += "\nonce : " + myCoinResources.nonce;
  }
 
  return str;
}
 
function formatOperationSpecifics(op: Operation, unit: ?Unit): string {
  const { additionalField } = op.extra;
 
  let str = " ";
 
  const formatConfig = {
    disableRounding: true,
    alwaysShowSign: false,
    showCode: true,
  };
 
  str +=
    additionalField && !additionalField.isNaN()
      ? `\n    additionalField: ${
          unit
            ? formatCurrencyUnit(unit, additionalField, formatConfig)
            : additionalField
        }`
      : "";
 
  return str;
}
 
export function fromOperationExtraRaw(extra: ?Object) {
  if (extra && extra.additionalField) {
    extra = {
      ...extra,
      additionalField: BigNumber(extra.additionalField),
    };
  }
  return extra;
}
 
export function toOperationExtraRaw(extra: ?Object) {
  if (extra && extra.additionalField) {
    extra = {
      ...extra,
      additionalField: extra.additionalField.toString(),
    };
  }
  return extra;
}
 
export default {
  formatAccountSpecifics,
  formatOperationSpecifics,
  fromOperationExtraRaw,
  toOperationExtraRaw,
};
ℹ️

formatOperationSpecifics() and formatAccountSpecifics() are used in the CLI to display account-specific fields and extras of the transaction history, useful for debugging.

The same idea applies also to the Transaction type which needs to be serialized and formatted for CLI:

💡

This part may not be required if you don't need transactions for light sync.

libs/coin-modules/coin-mycoin/src/transaction.ts:

import type { Account } from "@ledgerhq/types-live";
import { getAccountUnit } from "@ledgerhq/coin-framework/account/index";
import { formatCurrencyUnit } from "@ledgerhq/coin-framework/currencies";
import {
  fromTransactionCommonRaw,
  toTransactionCommonRaw,
} from "@ledgerhq/coin-framework/transaction/common";
import { BigNumber } from "bignumber.js";
import type { Transaction, TransactionRaw } from "./types";
 
export const formatTransaction = (
  { mode, amount, recipient, useAllAmount }: Transaction,
  account: Account
): string =>
  `
${mode.toUpperCase()} ${
    useAllAmount
      ? "MAX"
      : amount.isZero()
      ? ""
      : " " +
        formatCurrencyUnit(getAccountUnit(account), amount, {
          showCode: true,
          disableRounding: true,
        })
  }${recipient ? `\nTO ${recipient}` : ""}`;
 
export const fromTransactionRaw = (tr: TransactionRaw): Transaction => {
  const common = fromTransactionCommonRaw(tr);
  return {
    ...common,
    family: tr.family,
    mode: tr.mode,
    fees: tr.fees ? BigNumber(tr.fees) : null,
  };
};
 
export const toTransactionRaw = (t: Transaction): TransactionRaw => {
  const common = toTransactionCommonRaw(t);
  return {
    ...common,
    family: t.family,
    mode: t.mode,
    fees: t.fees?.toString() || null,
  };
};
 
export default { formatTransaction, fromTransactionRaw, toTransactionRaw };

Wrap your API

ℹ️

In the code samples below, all references to operations are not needed at light sync step. They are currently necessary but will soon be removed from this section.

Before this part, you will need a node/explorer to get the state of an account on the blockchain, such as balances, nonce (if your blockchain uses something similar), and any data relevant to show or fetch in Ledger Live.

For the example, we will assume that MyCoin provides a SDK that is able to do both getting the state and the account history.

The best way to implement your API in Live Common is to create a dedicated api subfolder, that exports all functions that require calls to 3rd-party and map their responses to Ledger Live types.

./libs/coin-modules/coin-mycoin/src
└── api
  ├── index.ts
  ├── sdk.ts
  └── sdk.types.ts
💡

Try to separate as much as possible your different APIs (if you use multiple providers) and use typings to ensure you map correctly API responses to Ledger Live types.

You will likely need to export thoses functions, but implemention is up-to-developer:

libs/coin-modules/coin-mycoin/src/api/index.ts:

export {
  getAccount,
  getOperations,
  getPreloadedData, // adjust with needs of preloaded data
  getFees,
  submit,
  disconnect, // if using persisting connection
} from "./sdk";

Basically, in the next sections, getAccount will be called to create an Account with balances and any additional resources, and getOperations will be called to fill the operations[] of this account, with the whole history of operations that can be requested incrementally. Then getFees before sending a transaction to let the user know of the network cost (estimated or effective), and submit to broadcast its transaction after signing.

See Polkadot Coin Integration's api (opens in a new tab) for good inspiration.

API Example

Here is an example of a MyCoin API implementation using a fictive SDK that uses something like WebSocket to fetch data.

💡

We don't recommend using WebSocket as it could have drawbacks and is more difficult to scale up and put behind a reverse proxy. If possible, use HTTPS requests as much as possible.

import MyCoinApi from "my-coin-sdk";
import type { MyCoinTransaction } from "my-coin-sdk";
import { BigNumber } from "bignumber.js";
 
import { getEnv } from "@ledgerhq/live-env";
import { encodeOperationId } from "@ledgerhq/coin-framework/operation";
 
type AsyncApiFunction = (api: typeof MyCoinApi) => Promise<any>;
 
const MYCOIN_API_ENDPOINT = () => getEnv("MYCOIN_API_ENDPOINT");
 
let api = null;
 
/**
 * Connects to MyCoin Api
 */
async function withApi(execute: AsyncApiFunction): Promise<any> {
  // If client is instanciated already, ensure it is connected & ready
  if (api) {
    try {
      await api.isReady;
    } catch (err) {
      api = null;
    }
  }
 
  if (!api) {
    api = new MyCoinApi(MYCOIN_API_ENDPOINT);
    api.connect();
    api.onClose(() => {
      api = null;
    });
    await api.isReady;
  }
 
  try {
    const res = await execute(api);
 
    return res;
  } catch {
    // Handle Error or Retry
    await disconnect();
  }
}
 
/**
 * Disconnects MyCoin Api
 */
export const disconnect = async () => {
  if (api) {
    const disconnecting = api;
    api = null;
    await disconnecting.close();
  }
};
 
/**
 * Get account balances and nonce
 */
export const getAccount = async (addr: string) =>
  withApi(async (api) => {
    const [balance, nonce, blockHeight] = await Promise.all([
      api.getBalance(addr),
      api.getTransactionCount(addr),
      api.getBlockNumber(),
    ]);
 
    return {
      blockHeight,
      balance: BigNumber(balance),
      additionalBalance: BigNumber(additionalBalance),
      nonce,
    };
  });
 
/**
 * Returns true if account is the signer
 */
function isSender(transaction: MyCoinTransaction, addr: string): boolean {
  return transaction.sender === addr;
}
 
/**
 * Map transaction to an Operation Type
 */
function getOperationType(
  transaction: MyCoinTransaction,
  addr: string
): OperationType {
  return isSender(transaction, addr) ? "OUT" : "IN";
}
 
/**
 * Map transaction to a correct Operation Value (affecting account balance)
 */
function getOperationValue(
  transaction: MyCoinTransaction,
  addr: string
): BigNumber {
  return isSender(transaction, addr)
    ? BigNumber(transaction.value).plus(transaction.fees)
    : BigNumber(transaction.value);
}
 
/**
 * Extract extra from transaction if any
 */
function getOperationExtra(transaction: MyCoinTransaction): Object {
  return {
    additionalField: transaction.additionalField,
  };
}
 
/**
 * Map the MyCoin history transaction to a Ledger Live Operation
 */
function transactionToOperation(
  accountId: string,
  addr: string,
  transaction: MyCoinTransaction
): Operation {
  const type = getOperationType(transaction, addr);
 
  return {
    id: encodeOperationId(accountId, transaction.hash, type),
    accountId,
    fee: BigNumber(transaction.fees || 0),
    value: getOperationValue(transaction, addr),
    type,
    // This is where you retrieve the hash of the transaction
    hash: transaction.hash,
    blockHash: null,
    blockHeight: transaction.blockNumber,
    date: new Date(transaction.timestamp),
    extra: getOperationExtra(transaction),
    senders: [transaction.sender],
    recipients: transaction.recipient ? [transaction.recipient] : [],
    transactionSequenceNumber: isSender(transaction, addr)
      ? transaction.nonce
      : undefined,
    hasFailed: !transaction.success,
  };
}
 
/**
 * Fetch operation list
 */
export const getOperations = async (
  accountId: string,
  addr: string,
  startAt: number
): Promise<Operation[]> =>
  withApi(async (api) => {
    const rawTransactions = await api.getHistory(addr, startAt);
 
    return rawTransactions.map((transaction) =>
      transactionToOperation(accountId, addr, transaction)
    );
  });

If you need to disconnect from your API after using it, update src/api/index.ts to add your api disconnect in the disconnectAll function, it will avoid tests and CLI to hang.

Account Bridge

AccountBridge offers a generic abstraction to synchronize accounts and perform transactions.

It is designed for the end user frontend interface and is agnostic of the way it runs, has multiple implementations and does not know how the data is even stored: in fact it's just a set of stateless functions.

account bridge flow

Receive

The receive method allows to derivatives address of an account with a Ledger device but also display it on the device if verify is passed in. As you may see in coin-mycoin/src/bridge/js.ts, Live Common provides a helper to implement it easily with makeAccountBridgeReceive(), and there are very few reasons to implement your own.

Synchronization

We usually group the scanAccounts and sync into the same file js-synchronisation.ts as they both use similar logic as a getAccountShape function passed to helpers.

libs/coin-modules/coin-mycoin/src/js-synchronisation.ts:

import type { Account } from "@ledgerhq/types-live";
import type { GetAccountShape } from "@ledgerhq/coin-framework/bridge/jsHelpers";
import { makeSync, makeScanAccounts, mergeOps } from "@ledgerhq/coin-framework/bridge/jsHelpers";
 
import {
  encodeAccountId
} from "../../account";
 
import { getAccount, getOperations } from "./api";
 
const getAccountShape: GetAccountShape = async (info) => {
  const { id, address, initialAccount } = info;
  const oldOperations = initialAccount?.operations || [];
 
  // Needed for incremental synchronisation
  const startAt = oldOperations.length
    ? (oldOperations[0].blockHeight || 0) + 1
    : 0;
 
  const accountId = encodeAccountId({
    type: "js",
    version: "2",
    currencyId: currency.id,
    xpubOrAddress: address,
    derivationMode,
  });
 
  // get the current account balance state depending your api implementation
  const { blockHeight, balance, additionalBalance, nonce } = await getAccount(
    address
  );
 
  // Merge new operations with the previously synced ones
  const newOperations = await getOperations(id, address, startAt);
  const operations = mergeOps(oldOperations, newOperations);
 
  const shape = {
    id,
    balance,
    spendableBalance: balance,
    operationsCount: operations.length,
    blockHeight,
    myCoinResources: {
      nonce,
      additionalBalance,
    },
  };
 
  return { ...shape, operations };
};
 
const postSync = (initial: Account, parent: Account) => parent;
 
export const scanAccounts = makeScanAccounts({ getAccountShape });
export const sync = makeSync({ getAccountShape, postSync });
 

The scanAccounts function performs the derivation of addresses for a given currency and deviceId, and returns an Observable that will notify every Account that it discovered.

With the makeScanAccounts helper, you only have to pass a getAccountShape function to execute the generic scan that Ledger Live use with the correct derivation modes for MyCoin, and it will determine when to stop (generally as soon as an empty account was found).

The sync function performs one "Account synchronisation" which consists of refreshing all fields of a (previously created) Account from your api.

It is executed every 2 minutes if everything works as expected, but if it fails, a retry strategy will be executed with an increasing delay (to avoid burdening a failing API).

Under the hood of the makeSync helper, the returned value is an Observable of an updater function (Account=>Account), which is a pattern having some advantages:

  • it avoids race conditions
  • the updater is called in a reducer, and allows to produce an immutable state by applying the update to the latest account instance (with reconciliation on Ledger Live Desktop)
  • it's an observable, so we can interrupt it when/if multiple updates occurs

In some cases, you might need to do a postSync patch to add some update logic after sync (before the reconciliation that occurs on Ledger Live Desktop). If this postSync function is complex, you should split this function in a src/families/mycoin/js-postSyncPatch.js file.

Currency Bridge

Scanning accounts

As we have seen Synchronization, the scanAccounts, which is part of the CurrencyBridge, share common logic with the sync function, that's why we preferably put them in a js-synchronisation.ts file.

The makeScanAccounts helper will automatically execute the default address derivation logic, but for some reason if you need to have a completely new way to scan account, you could then implement your own strategy.

Icon

Icons are usually maintained by Ledger's design team, so you must first check that MyCoin icon is not already added in ledger-live-common, in src/data/icons/svg (opens in a new tab). It contains cleaned-up versions of Cryptocurrency Icons from cryptoicons.co (opens in a new tab), organized by ticker.

If you need to add your own, they must respect those requirements:

  • Clean SVG with only <path> elements representing the crypto
  • Size and viewport must be 24x24
  • Icon should be 18x18 and centered / padded
  • Flat-styled, and must respect crypto color scheme (filled)
  • No background or decorative shape added
  • No <g> or transform, style attributes...

Name should be the coin's ticker (e.g. MYC.svg) and must not conflict with an existing coin or token.

When building ledger-live-common, a script (opens in a new tab) automatically converts them to React and React Native components.

Starting with a mock

A mock will help you test different UI flows on Desktop and Mobile. It's connected to any indexer / explorer and gives you a rough idea on how it will look like when connected to the UI.

For example you can use it by doing MOCK=1 pnpm dev:lld on ledger-live-desktop

import { BigNumber } from "bignumber.js";
import {
  NotEnoughBalance,
  RecipientRequired,
  InvalidAddress,
  FeeTooHigh,
} from "@ledgerhq/errors";
import type { Transaction } from "../types";
import type { AccountBridge, CurrencyBridge } from "@ledgerhq/types-live";
import {
  scanAccounts,
  signOperation,
  broadcast,
  sync,
  isInvalidRecipient,
} from "../../../bridge/mockHelpers";
import { getMainAccount } from "@ledgerhq/coin-framework/account/index";
import { makeAccountBridgeReceive } from "../../../bridge/mockHelpers";
 
const receive = makeAccountBridgeReceive();
 
const createTransaction = (): Transaction => ({
  family: "mycoin",
  mode: "send",
  amount: BigNumber(0),
  recipient: "",
  useAllAmount: false,
  fees: null,
});
 
const updateTransaction = (t, patch) => ({ ...t, ...patch });
 
const prepareTransaction = async (a, t) => t;
 
const estimateMaxSpendable = ({ account, parentAccount, transaction }) => {
  const mainAccount = getMainAccount(account, parentAccount);
  const estimatedFees = transaction?.fees || BigNumber(5000);
  return Promise.resolve(
    BigNumber.max(0, mainAccount.balance.minus(estimatedFees))
  );
};
 
const getTransactionStatus = (account, t) => {
  const errors = {};
  const warnings = {};
  const useAllAmount = !!t.useAllAmount;
 
  const estimatedFees = BigNumber(5000);
 
  const totalSpent = useAllAmount
    ? account.balance
    : BigNumber(t.amount).plus(estimatedFees);
 
  const amount = useAllAmount
    ? account.balance.minus(estimatedFees)
    : BigNumber(t.amount);
 
  if (amount.gt(0) && estimatedFees.times(10).gt(amount)) {
    warnings.amount = new FeeTooHigh();
  }
 
  if (totalSpent.gt(account.balance)) {
    errors.amount = new NotEnoughBalance();
  }
 
  if (!t.recipient) {
    errors.recipient = new RecipientRequired();
  } else if (isInvalidRecipient(t.recipient)) {
    errors.recipient = new InvalidAddress();
  }
 
  return Promise.resolve({
    errors,
    warnings,
    estimatedFees,
    amount,
    totalSpent,
  });
};
 
const accountBridge: AccountBridge<Transaction> = {
  estimateMaxSpendable,
  createTransaction,
  updateTransaction,
  getTransactionStatus,
  prepareTransaction,
  sync,
  receive,
  signOperation,
  broadcast,
};
 
const currencyBridge: CurrencyBridge = {
  scanAccounts,
  preload: async () => {},
  hydrate: () => {},
};
 
export default { currencyBridge, accountBridge };

Split your code

You can now start to implement the JS bridge for MyCoin. It may need some changes back and forth between the types, your api wrapper, and the different files.

The skeleton of libs/ledger-live-common/src/families/mycoin/bridge/js.ts should look something like this:

import type { AccountBridge, CurrencyBridge } from "@ledgerhq/types-live";
import type { Transaction } from "../types";
import { makeAccountBridgeReceive } from "@ledgerhq/coin-framework/bridge/jsHelpers";
 
import { getPreloadStrategy, preload, hydrate } from "../preload";
 
import { sync, scanAccounts } from "../js-synchronisation";
 
const receive = makeAccountBridgeReceive();
 
const currencyBridge: CurrencyBridge = {
  getPreloadStrategy,
  preload,
  hydrate,
  scanAccounts,
};
 
const createTransaction = () => {
  throw new Error("createTransaction not implemented");
};
 
const prepareTransaction = () => {
  throw new Error("prepareTransaction not implemented");
};
 
const updateTransaction = () => {
  throw new Error("updateTransaction not implemented");
};
 
const getTransactionStatus = () => {
  throw new Error("getTransactionStatus not implemented");
};
 
const estimateMaxSpendable = () => {
  throw new Error("estimateMaxSpendable not implemented");
};
 
const signOperation = () => {
  throw new Error("signOperation not implemented");
};
 
const broadcast = () => {
  throw new Error("broadcast not implemented");
};
 
const accountBridge: AccountBridge<Transaction> = {
  estimateMaxSpendable,
  createTransaction,
  updateTransaction,
  getTransactionStatus,
  prepareTransaction,
  sync,
  receive,
  signOperation,
  broadcast,
};
 
export default { currencyBridge, accountBridge };
💡

You could implement all the methods in a single file, but for better readability and maintainability, you should split your code into multiple files.

Cache and performance (optional)

It is important to keep in mind that all currencies work independently and that Live Common provides a common framework to synchronize accounts with a polling strategy, and that network connectivity is not always stable and optimal.

Hence, the more cryptocurrencies Ledger Live is using, the more requests and calculations are executed, which can take time.

To avoid making the same requests several times, we recommend using a local cache in your implementation (e.g. fees estimations, some currency data to preload, etc in a libs/coin-modules/coin-mycoin/src/api/cache.ts file.

We have a makeLRUCache (opens in a new tab) function for creating Least-Recently-Used caches anywhere if needed.

See for example the Polkadot's cache usage (opens in a new tab).

React Hooks

If you are adding specific features to Ledger Live (like staking), you may need to access data through React hooks, that could provide common logic reusable for React components.

You are then free to add them in a libs/ledger-live-common/src/families/mycoin/react.ts file.

See examples like sorting and filtering validators, subscribing to preloaded data observable, or waiting for a transaction to be reflected in account, in the Polkadot React hooks (opens in a new tab).

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