Clear Signing Overview
Every day, millions of users blindly approve transactions they can’t read. Clear Signing transforms this incomprehensible hex data into plain language that anyone can verify.
The Problem: Blind Signing
When a wallet or dApp does not support Clear Signing for a given interaction, users face blind signing. They’re presented with unreadable transaction hashes or encoded data, making it impossible to verify what they’re actually authorizing.
- •Shows only incomprehensible transaction hashes
- •Cannot verify transaction content or recipient
- •High risk of scams and phishing attacks
- •Poor user experience leads to mistakes
0x23b872dd00000000000000000000000…
- •Shows formatted, readable transaction details
- •Verifies recipient, amount, and function
- •Reduces risk through complete transparency
- •Improves confidence and understanding
Maximum slippage: 0.5%
The Solution: Clear Signing
Clear Signing is an open-source security initiative, spearheaded by Ledger and supported by the Clear Signing Alliance, that translates smart contract data into human-readable transaction details. Instead of a raw hash, the signer’s Secure Screen shows the actual intent of the transaction, recipient, amount, approval type, and requesting dApp, in plain language. The core principle is simple: what you see is what you sign.
For the EVM ecosystem, Clear Signing is formally defined as the ERC-7730 open-source standard. As a developer, you make it work by creating a JSON metadata file that describes your smart contract’s functions. Once submitted and merged into the registry, every transaction through your protocol becomes readable in any compatible wallet.
Example: A POAP claim transaction displayed with Clear Signing on Ledger Stax
Real-World Examples
0x23b872dd000000000000000000000000…
000000000000000000000000a0b86991…
000000000000000000000000000001f4
Why It Matters
Clear Signing + Transaction Check: On Ledger touchscreen signers, Clear Signing works alongside Transaction Check, which analyses transactions for suspicious patterns and flags potential threats before the user confirms. Together they form a comprehensive safety layer available.
How It Works
Create Metadata
Write a JSON file that describes your smart contract functions in human-readable terms.
Submit for Review
Open a pull request to the Clear Signing Registry.
Automatic Integration
Compatible wallets automatically fetch your metadata and display transactions in plain language.
Users Benefit
Users see exactly what they’re signing, building trust and preventing mistakes.
Built on Open Standards
Clear Signing is built on ERC-7730, an open-source, permissionless Ethereum standard for human-readable transaction signing. Any dApp can create a metadata file and any wallet can support the standard.
Security Guarantee: Clear Signing never modifies transaction data. It adds a display layer that translates calldata into readable fields, verified on the signer’s tamper-proof Secure Screen. No hidden approvals, no unreadable hashes, the user sees the actual intent of every transaction before confirming.
Ready to Protect Your Users?
Clear Signing is already protecting millions of users in Ledger Wallet and partner wallets. Join the growing ecosystem of protocols making blockchain safer and more accessible for everyone.
